Common Python Errors and How to Fix Them

 

ZeroDivisionError: division by zero

This happens when you try to divide a number by zero. Always check the divisor before dividing.

# Correct way

result = 10 / 2

# Incorrect way

result = 10 / 0  # ZeroDivisionError

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IndentationError: unexpected indent

Python uses indentation to define code blocks. This error occurs when there’s a misalignment in the indentation.

# Correct way

if True:

    print("Hello")

# Incorrect way

if True:

  print("Hello")  # IndentationError

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ImportError: No module named 'module'

This error means Python can’t find the module you’re trying to import. Check if the module is installed and the name is correct.

# Install the module first

# pip install requests

import requests  # Correct way

import non_existent_module  # ImportError

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ValueError: invalid literal for int() with base 10: 'text'

This occurs when you try to convert a string that doesn’t represent a number to an integer. Ensure the string is numeric.

# Correct way

number = int("123")

# Incorrect way

number = int("abc")  # ValueError

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AttributeError: 'object' has no attribute 'attribute'

This happens when you try to use an attribute or method that doesn’t exist for an object. Ensure you are calling the correct method or attribute.

class MyClass:

    def __init__(self):

        self.value = 10

obj = MyClass()

# Correct way

print(obj.value)

# Incorrect way

print(obj.price)  # AttributeError

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KeyError: 'key'

This error occurs when you try to access a dictionary key that doesn’t exist. Use .get() method or check if the key exists.

my_dict = {"name": "Alice"}

# Correct way

print(my_dict.get("age", "Not Found"))

# Incorrect way

print(my_dict["age"])  # KeyError

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IndexError: list index out of range

This occurs when you try to access an index that doesn't exist in a list. Always check the list length before accessing an index.

my_list = [1, 2, 3]

# Correct way

print(my_list[2])  # Prints 3

# Incorrect way

print(my_list[5])  # IndexError

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TypeError: unsupported operand type(s)

This happens when you perform an operation on incompatible types. Check the data types of your variables.

# Correct way

result = 5 + 3

# Incorrect way

result = 5 + "3"  # Can't add integer and string

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NameError: name 'variable' is not defined

This occurs when you try to use a variable or function before it's declared. Ensure that all variables and functions are defined before use.

# Correct way

name = "Alice"

print(name)

# Incorrect way

print(name)

name = "Alice"

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SyntaxError: invalid syntax

This usually means there's a typo or a mistake in the code structure. Check for missing colons, parentheses, or indentation errors. Example:

print("Hello World")

# Missing parenthesis can cause SyntaxError

print "Hello World"

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