Code:
a = [1, 2, 3, 4]
b = [1, 2, 5]
if sorted(a) < sorted(b):
print(True)
else:
print(False)
Solution and Explanation:
Let's break down the code step by step to understand what it does:
List Initialization:
a = [1, 2, 3, 4]
b = [1, 2, 5]
Here, two lists a and b are initialized with the values [1, 2, 3, 4] and [1, 2, 5], respectively.
Sorting the Lists:
sorted(a)
sorted(b)
The sorted() function is used to sort the lists a and b. However, since both lists are already sorted in ascending order, the sorted versions will be the same as the original:
sorted(a) results in [1, 2, 3, 4]
sorted(b) results in [1, 2, 5]
Comparison:
sorted(a) < sorted(b)
In Python, comparing lists using < compares them lexicographically (element by element from left to right, like in a dictionary). The comparison proceeds as follows:
Compare the first elements: 1 (from a) and 1 (from b). Since they are equal, move to the next element.
Compare the second elements: 2 (from a) and 2 (from b). Since they are equal, move to the next element.
Compare the third elements: 3 (from a) and 5 (from b). Since 3 is less than 5, the comparison sorted(a) < sorted(b) evaluates to True.
Conditional Statement:
if sorted(a) < sorted(b):
print(True)
else:
print(False)
Given that sorted(a) < sorted(b) is True, the code enters the if block and executes print(True).
Putting it all together, the code prints True because, when compared lexicographically, the sorted list a ([1, 2, 3, 4]) is indeed less than the sorted list b ([1, 2, 5]).
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