Wednesday, 29 May 2024

Python Coding challenge - Day 220 | What is the output of the following Python Code?

 

Let's break down and explain the function foo and the print statement:

Function Definition: foo

def foo(a, b, *args, **kwargs):
    return a + b + sum(args) + sum(kwargs.values())

Parameters:

  1. a and b: These are positional parameters, meaning the first two arguments passed to foo will be assigned to a and b respectively.
  2. *args: This parameter allows the function to accept an arbitrary number of additional positional arguments. These arguments are captured as a tuple named args.
  3. **kwargs: This parameter allows the function to accept an arbitrary number of keyword arguments. These arguments are captured as a dictionary named kwargs.

Return Statement:

  • a + b: This adds the values of a and b.
  • sum(args): This calculates the sum of all additional positional arguments captured in args.
  • sum(kwargs.values()): This calculates the sum of all the values of the keyword arguments captured in kwargs.

The function returns the sum of these three components.

Function Call and Print Statement:

print(foo(1, 2, 3, 4, x=5, y=6))

Arguments:

  • 1 and 2: These are the first two positional arguments, so a = 1 and b = 2.
  • 3 and 4: These are additional positional arguments, so args = (3, 4).
  • x=5 and y=6: These are keyword arguments, so kwargs = {'x': 5, 'y': 6}.

Calculation:

  1. a + b: 1+2=3
  2. sum(args): 3+4=7
  3. sum(kwargs.values()): 5+6=11

Adding these together: 3+7+11=21

Output:

The print statement will output 21.

So, when you run: print(foo(1, 2, 3, 4, x=5, y=6))

The output will be: 21



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