Day 11 : Python Program to calculate the power and exponent using recursion

 

def power(base, exp):

    if exp == 0:

        return 1

    return base * power(base, exp - 1)

base = int(input("Enter the base number: "))

exp = int(input("Enter the exponent: "))

print(power(base, exp))

This code calculates the power of a number (base) raised to an exponent (exp) using recursion. Let's break it down step-by-step:

Code Breakdown:

1. Function Definition:

   def power(base, exp):
   • A function power is defined with two parameters:
     • base: The base number.
     • exp: The exponent to which the base number will be raised.

2. Base Case:

   if exp == 0:  return 1

   • If the exponent exp is 0, the function returns 1 because any number raised to the power of 0 is 1.

3. Recursive Case:

   return base * power(base, exp - 1)
   • This is the key recursive step.
   • The function multiplies the base by the result of calling power(base, exp - 1).
   • It reduces the exponent by 1 each time, breaking the problem into smaller sub-problems, until exp equals 0 (base case).

   For example, if base = 2 and exp = 3, the recursion works like this:

   power(2, 3) = 2 * power(2, 2)
   power(2, 2) = 2 * power(2, 1)
   power(2, 1) = 2 * power(2, 0)
   power(2, 0) = 1 (base case)

   Then, the results are combined:

   power(2, 1) = 2 * 1 = 2
   power(2, 2) = 2 * 2 = 4
   power(2, 3) = 2 * 4 = 8

4. Taking Input:

   base = int(input("Enter the base number: "))exp = int(input("Enter the exponent: "))

   • The user is prompted to enter the base and exponent values, which are then converted to integers.

5. Calling the Function:

   print(power(base, exp))
   • The power function is called with the input values of base and exp, and the result is printed.

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