Day 36 : Python Program to Convert Binary to Gray Code

def binary_to_gray(binary_str):

    """

    Function to convert a binary number to its corresponding Gray Code.

    :param binary_str: The input binary string.

    :return: The converted Gray Code string.

    """

    gray_code = binary_str[0]  

    for i in range(1, len(binary_str)):

        gray_bit = str(int(binary_str[i - 1]) ^ int(binary_str[i]))

        gray_code += gray_bit  

    return gray_code

binary_input = input("Enter a binary number to convert into Gray Code: ")

if all(bit in '01' for bit in binary_input):  

     result = binary_to_gray(binary_input)

    print(f"Binary number: {binary_input}")

    print(f"Corresponding Gray Code: {result}")

else:

    print("Invalid input. Please enter a valid binary number consisting only of 0's and 1's.")

#source code --> clcoding.com 

Code Explanation:

1. What is Gray Code?

Gray Code is a binary numeral system where two successive values differ by only one bit. It is often used in digital logic to minimize errors when transitioning between states.

2. Function: binary_to_gray

This function takes a binary string as input and converts it into Gray Code using the following steps:

Parameters:

binary_str: The input binary number as a string.

Process:

The first bit of the Gray Code is always the same as the first bit of the binary number:

gray_code = binary_str[0]

For each subsequent bit, compute the XOR of the previous bit (binary_str[i-1]) and the current bit 

(binary_str[i]):

gray_bit = str(int(binary_str[i - 1]) ^ int(binary_str[i]))

int(binary_str[i - 1]) and int(binary_str[i]): Convert the binary characters to integers for the XOR operation.

^: The XOR operator in Python.

str(): Converts the resulting integer back to a string for concatenation.

Append this new bit (gray_bit) to the Gray Code:

gray_code += gray_bit

Continue until all bits are processed.

Return:

The function returns the Gray Code string.

3. Input Handling

The program asks the user to enter a binary number:

binary_input = input("Enter a binary number to convert into Gray Code: ")

Validation:

It ensures the input consists only of 0 and 1:

if all(bit in '01' for bit in binary_input):

all(bit in '01' for bit in binary_input): Checks if every character in binary_input is either '0' or '1'.

If valid:

Calls the binary_to_gray function to compute the Gray Code.

Prints both the original binary number and the computed Gray Code.

If invalid:

Prints an error message.

4. Output

When the input is valid:

Displays the binary number and its Gray Code:

Binary number: <binary_input>

Corresponding Gray Code: <result>

If the input is invalid:

Outputs:

Invalid input. Please enter a valid binary number consisting only of 0's and 1's.