Day 52: Python Program to Print an Identity Matrix

 def print_identity_matrix(n):

    """

    Prints an identity matrix of size n x n.

    :param n: Size of the identity matrix

    """

    if n <= 0:

        print("Please enter a positive integer for the size of the matrix.")

        return

for i in range(n):

        for j in range(n):

            if i == j:

                print(1, end=" ")

            else:

                print(0, end=" ")

        print()  

try:

    size = int(input("Enter the size of the identity matrix: "))

    print_identity_matrix(size)

except ValueError:

    print("Invalid input! Please enter a valid integer.")

#source code --> clcoding.com

Code Explanation:

1. Function Definition:

def print_identity_matrix(n):

    """

    Prints an identity matrix of size n x n.

    :param n: Size of the identity matrix

    """

print_identity_matrix(n): This function takes one argument, n, which represents the size of the identity matrix.

The identity matrix is a square matrix where all diagonal elements are 1, and all other elements are 0.

2. Input Validation:

if n <= 0:

    print("Please enter a positive integer for the size of the matrix.")

    return

If the user provides a non-positive integer (n <= 0), the function outputs a warning message and stops further execution using return.

3. Nested Loop to Generate the Matrix:

for i in range(n):

    for j in range(n):

        if i == j:

            print(1, end=" ")

        else:

            print(0, end=" ")

    print()

Outer Loop (for i in range(n)):

Iterates over the rows of the matrix.

Inner Loop (for j in range(n)):

Iterates over the columns of the matrix.

Condition (if i == j):

Checks if the current position (i, j) is a diagonal element. If true, it prints 1; otherwise, it prints 0.

print(..., end=" "):

Ensures that elements in the same row are printed on the same line with a space in between.

print() (outside inner loop):

Moves to the next line after completing each row.

4. User Input and Error Handling:

try:

    size = int(input("Enter the size of the identity matrix: "))

    print_identity_matrix(size)

except ValueError:

    print("Invalid input! Please enter a valid integer.")

input(): Prompts the user to enter the size of the identity matrix.

int(input(...)): Converts the user's input to an integer.

try-except Block: Catches invalid inputs (e.g., non-integer values) and displays an error message.

5. Example Execution:

Input:

Enter the size of the identity matrix: 3

Output:

1 0 0 

0 1 0 

0 0 1