Day 72: Python Program to Count the Number of Words and Characters in a String

def count_words_and_characters(input_string):

    num_characters = len(input_string)

    words = input_string.split()

    num_words = len(words)

     return num_words, num_characters

input_string = input("Enter a string: ")

num_words, num_characters = count_words_and_characters(input_string)

print(f"Number of words: {num_words}")

print(f"Number of characters (including spaces): {num_characters}")

#source code --> clcoding.com 

Code Explanation:

Function Definition

def count_words_and_characters(input_string):

Purpose: Defines a function named count_words_and_characters to calculate the number of words and characters in a given string.

Parameter:

input_string: The string whose words and characters are to be counted.

Character Count

    num_characters = len(input_string)

Logic: Uses Python’s built-in len() function to determine the total number of characters in the string, including spaces and punctuation.

Result: The length of input_string is stored in the variable num_characters.

Word Count

    words = input_string.split()

    num_words = len(words)

Splitting the String:

The split() method splits the string into a list of words, separating at whitespace (spaces, tabs, or newlines).

For example, "Hello World!" becomes ['Hello', 'World!'].

The resulting list is stored in the variable words.

Counting Words:

The len() function is used again, this time to count the number of elements in the words list.

The result (number of words) is stored in the variable num_words.

Return Statement

    return num_words, num_characters

Logic: Returns two values:

num_words: The total number of words in the input string.

num_characters: The total number of characters in the input string.

Input Handling

input_string = input("Enter a string: ")

Purpose: Prompts the user to input a string and stores the input in the variable input_string.

Function Call

num_words, num_characters = count_words_and_characters(input_string)

Logic: Calls the count_words_and_characters function, passing the input_string as an argument.

Result: The returned values (number of words and characters) are unpacked into num_words and num_characters.

Output

print(f"Number of words: {num_words}")

print(f"Number of characters (including spaces): {num_characters}")

Purpose: Prints the results in a user-friendly format, showing the number of words and the number of characters (including spaces).