Day 94: Python Program to Multiply All the Items in a Dictionary

 

def multiply_values(dictionary):

    """

    Multiply all the values in a dictionary.

     Args:

        dictionary (dict): The dictionary containing numerical values.

      Returns:

        int or float: The product of all the values.

    """

    result = 1  

    for value in dictionary.values():  

        result *= value 

    return result  

my_dict = {"a": 5, "b": 10, "c": 2}

total_product = multiply_values(my_dict)

print(f"The product of all values in the dictionary is: {total_product}")

#source code --> clcoding.com 

Code Explanation:

def multiply_values(dictionary):

This line defines a function named multiply_values that accepts one argument: dictionary.

The function is designed to multiply all the numerical values in the given dictionary.

"""

The docstring explains the purpose of the function.

It mentions:

What the function does: Multiplies all the values in the dictionary.

Expected input: A dictionary (dictionary) containing numerical values.

Return type: An integer or a float, depending on the values in the dictionary.

result = 1

A variable result is initialized to 1.

This variable will store the product of all the dictionary values. The initialization to 1 is important because multiplying by 1 does not change the result.

for value in dictionary.values():

This is a for loop that iterates over all the values in the dictionary.

dictionary.values() extracts the values from the dictionary as a list-like object. For my_dict = {"a": 5, "b": 10, "c": 2}, it would extract [5, 10, 2].

result *= value

Inside the loop, the shorthand operator *= is used to multiply the current value of result by value (the current value from the dictionary).

This is equivalent to:

result = result * value

For example:

Initially, result = 1.

First iteration: result = 1 * 5 = 5.

Second iteration: result = 5 * 10 = 50.

Third iteration: result = 50 * 2 = 100.

return result

After the loop finishes multiplying all the values, the final product (100 in this case) is returned by the function.

my_dict = {"a": 5, "b": 10, "c": 2}

A dictionary my_dict is created with three key-value pairs:

Key "a" has a value of 5.

Key "b" has a value of 10.

Key "c" has a value of 2.

total_product = multiply_values(my_dict)

The function multiply_values is called with my_dict as the argument.

Inside the function:

The values [5, 10, 2] are multiplied together, producing a result of 100.

The result (100) is stored in the variable total_product.

print(f"The product of all values in the dictionary is: {total_product}")

The print() function is used to display the result in a formatted string.

The f-string allows the value of total_product (100) to be directly inserted into the string.

Output:

The product of all values in the dictionary is: 100